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Glossary of Terms

ACFM:

Actual cubic feet of gas per minute; the volume of the gas flowing per minute at the operating temperature, pressure, moisture, and composition. The metric equivalent is expressed in terms of m3 /min. at actual pressure, temperature, and moisture.

AGGLOMERATION: 

Multiple particles joining or clustering together by surface tension to form larger particles, usually held by moisture, static charge or particle architecture.

AIR-TO-CLOTH RATIO:

The ratio between ACFM flowing through a filter and the sq. ft. of filter area available.  Rate of airflow, normally expressed in cubic feet per minute (CFM).

Read Our Blog:  AIR-TO-CLOTH RATIO: WHAT IS IT, AND HOW DO I CALCULATE IT?

ASHRAE:

American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air Conditioning Engineers, a professional organization that sets industry standards for fume hood testing procedures.

AUXILIARY AIR:

Supply or makeup air delivered external to the chamber of a fume hood to reduce air consumption.

BLINDING:

Fabric blockage by dust, fume or liquid not being discharged by the cleaning mechanism, resulting in a reduced gas flow because of the increased pressure drop across the filter media.

BLAST GATE: 

Sliding damper

BLEED: 

Particles of dust or fumes that are able to migrate through the bag. (also leak)

BLOWER/FAN:

Air moving device (or fan) consisting of motor, impeller, and scroll.

CAN VELOCITY:

The air stream speed passing between the filters in a dust collector, calculated at the horizontal cross-sectional plane of the collector housing.

 CAPTURE VELOCITY:

The minimum hood-induced air velocity necessary to capture and convey a dust particle into the hood.

Cost Analysis Guide | V1

CFM:

Cubic Feet Per Minute, a unit of measurement of air volume.

CONTAINMENT:

Extent to which fumes are confined within the hood compartment.

DAMPER:

Device installed in duct to control air volume.

DIAPHRAGM VALVE: 

Compressed air operated valve used to pulse bags.

DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE (ΔP):

The difference between static pressures measured at the inlet and outlet of a component.

DUST: 

Small solid particles that are created by the breakdown of larger particles by processes such as crushing, grinding, drilling, explosions, etc. Dust particles are carried around into the environment through operations such as shoveling, conveying, screening, sweeping, etc.

DUST COLLECTOR: 

An air cleaning device used to improve air quality in industrial, commercial and production facilities by removing particulate matter from the air and environment.  

DUST LOADING: 

The quantity of dust in the gas stream, usually expressed as grains of dust per cubic foot of air.

ENTRY LOSS: 

Pressure loss caused by air flowing into a duct or hood (inches H20).

EPA:

Acronym for Environmental Protection Agency. The federal agency responsible for developing and enforcing environmental policy in the United States and its territories.

EXHAUST VOLUME/PARAMETERS:

Quantity of air exhausted by the fume hood; quantity of air required to maintain desired face velocity, expressed in cubic feet per minute (CFM).

FACE VELOCITY:

Speed of air moving into the fume hood through the face opening, measured in feet per minute (FPM).

FILTER CAKE: 

The dust accumulation on a bag.

FILTER DRAG:

The ratio of differential pressure across the filters (in inches WC) to velocity through the filters (FPM).

FILTER MEDIA: 

The permeable membrane employed in the filtration process to separate the particles from the fluid stream.

Read our Blog: WHAT IS THE BEST TYPE OF FILTER MEDIA FOR BLASTING APPLICATIONS?

FILTRATION: 

A process by which particles are separated from a fluid stream by use of a permeable membrane.

FUMES: 

Small solid particles formed by the condensation of vapors of solid materials.

FPM:

Feet per minute; measurement of air velocity.

HEADER: 

A pressurized pipe that contains the compressed air supply for a pulse type baghouse.

HOOD: 

An inlet designed to catch contaminated air and conduct it into the exhaust dust system.

MAGNEHELIC GAUGE:

 An instrument used to measure the differential pressure drop in a baghouse.

MICRON:

A unit of length, 1/25,000 of an inch (1/1,000 of one millimeter). Typically used as a measurement of the diameter of particles in the inlet gas of a baghouse.

Read our Blog: WHAT IS MERV RATING AND WHY IS IS IMPORTANT?

NEGATIVE PRESSURE:

Pressures lower than one atmosphere.

PLENUM: 

Pressure equalizing chamber.

POSITIVE PRESSURE:

Pressures higher than one atmosphere.

PRESSURE DROP: 

Resistance to air flow; may refer to pressure differential across the cloth, across the baghouse or the pressure drop across the entire system.

PSI:

Pounds per square inch; a unit of pressure; 1 PSI equals 27.7 in. WG or 2.04 in. mercury (Hg); can be actual or gauge pressure. In the metric system, this is measured as kg/cm2 . (The conversion is kg/cm2 x 14.22 = PSI.)

PULSE FREQUENCY/OFF TIME:

The time between pulses in a pulse-jet baghouse.

SCFM:

Standard cubic feet per minute. The volume of dry gas flow per minute at standard temperature and pressure conditions (70°F @ sea level). The metric equivalent is NORMAL VOLUME—Actual gas volume corrected to 0°C, 1 atmosphere; generally excludes moisture.

STATIC PRESSURE:

Air pressure, or resistance, in dust collector fume hood or duct, expressed in inches of water.

Read our Blog: WHAT IS STATIC PRESSURE?

VARIABLE AIR VOLUME (VAV):

Type of fume hood exhaust system that typically maintains constant fume hood face velocity by adjusting blower motor speed or a balance damper in response to changes in sash position.

VELOCITY:

Speed of air, measured in feet per minute (FPM).

VELOCITY PRESSURE:

Force per square inch applied by moving air.

VOLUME:

Quantity of air, usually measured in cubic feet per minute (CFM).

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